![]() ![]() ![]() The compass was the single object that brought us to the Age of Discovery. Before these compasses, navigational systems mainly relied on astronomical signs. ![]() A lodestone is a naturally magnetized mineral used to make compasses in China around 300–200 B.C.E. Magnetic compasses have lost their place as the prominent navigational equipment to global positioning systems and satellites, but their importance in history - especially in the field of land and sea exploration - will always be remembered. Magnifying lenses expanded our knowledge of various fields of study, including biology, astronomy, archeology, chemistry, and physics. The use of optical lenses as aids for the weak-sighted started in the 13 th century, and about four centuries later, the microscope and telescope became available. Magnifying lenses led humans to understand microscopic organisms and far-away objects like stars and other planets better. Optical lenses are used in various tools, like telescopes and microscopes. The Mesopotamians and Egyptians pioneered the development of optical lenses. RELATED: 21 Things invented by famous female inventors 4. One of the first nail-making machines appeared in the 1790s. You may find it hard to believe, but until the early 1800s, most nails were made from hand-wrought iron, and blacksmiths had to hammer the iron and make an arrow-like shape. Screws, on the other hand, were used for the first time in Ancient Greece around the 2nd century B.C.E. They were fully developed in Ancient Rome when people learned how to cast and shape metals. Nails have been used since around 3400 B.C.E. Before these metal fasteners, wooden structures were built by attaching each piece to another one by one through exhausting geometrical work. Just like a building, human civilization would crumble without nails. In other words, properly attaching a wheel to a non-moving platform so the two could work together. The wheel was only one part of another life-changing invention: the wheel-and-axle. ![]() Before this invention came to the surface, humans were limited in transportation and haulage. In our modern life, we take the wheel as a ubiquitous piece of engineering that we rarely pay attention to. It took about three centuries before the first wheel was attached to a chariot, and it could only improve after that. Around 3500 B.C.E., the Mesopotamians invented the wheel, but mainly for pottery-making. Many people think that the wheel is the greatest invention of all time. The ability to prepare healthier food and cleaner drinking water helped ensure human survival and higher intelligence due to proper nutrient intake. Apart from giving us warmth in the cold and light in the dark, fire led us to develop skills like cooking. Ancient humans who walked the Earth around two million years ago discovered and used fire for their benefit, but it wasn’t until 125,000 years ago that fire was fully utilized to the point where it was considered a tool. FireĪlthough the fire wasn’t technically invented, the ability to control fire was both fundamental and crucial for human civilization. Here are 100 famous inventions and ideas you should know about. Throughout history, human civilizations have witnessed engineering marvels from time to time that help improve the quality of life and, in some cases, are overwhelmingly destructive. Brilliant people build gadgets, vehicles, and just about anything else you can think of. Some inventions are so ahead of their time that they set the path for future generations to build on. Many ideas and invention designs are groundbreaking, and they have the potential to completely change the way we perceive the world and carry out our daily duties. ![]()
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